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This groundbreaking new volume provides the first comprehensive review of the Libyan conflict of 2011. The book expands on and complements the report of the Libya Commission of Inquiry to the United Nations Human Rights Council, and provides the reader with the information essential to understanding the Libyan conflict, its causes and ramifications, and the difficulties the country faces as it rebuilds in the wake of 40 years of repression and the effects of a brutal civil war. The book provides a historical overview of the country and the ruinous policies of the Qadhafi regime, a chronological review of the evolution of the conflict, a description of the belligerents and their organizational makeup, an account of the NATO intervention and its legality, a basic legal characterization of conduct of the belligerents and the various accountability mechanisms pursued thus far, and an appraisal of the post-conflict period, as well as a detailed factual assessment and legal characterization of ten different theaters of conflict, including Benghazi, Tripoli, Misrata, Sirte and the Nafusa Mountains.

War crimes --- Crime --- Libya --- Lībiyā --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Lībīyah al-Shaʻbīyah al-Ishtirākīyah --- Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne --- Libyen --- Libia --- Livii︠a︡ --- Popular Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Libië --- Socialist People's Arab Jamahiriya --- Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Luv --- Libye --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Gran Jamahiriya araba libica socialista popolare --- SPLAJ --- Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Popular Socialist --- G.S.P.L.A.J. --- GSPLAJ --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻUẓmá --- Jamahiriya al-Arabiya al-Libiya al-Shabiya al-Ishtirakiya al-Uzma --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Republic --- Grande Jamahiriya arabe populaire socialiste libyenne --- Mamlakah al-Lībīyah al-Muttaḥidah --- Grand Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- State of Libya --- Dawiat Libiya --- リビア --- Ribia --- ليبيا --- לוב --- History --- Law and legislation --- Atrocities

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The political and security environment remains uncertain in Libya. Libya faces the challenges of stabilizing the economy and responding to the aspirations of the revolution. The near-term outlook is favorable, but there are significant risks. The overarching policy objective should be to foster inclusive growth. Banks are not intermediating, and resources should be devoted to its effective implementation. Expenditure is skewed toward wages and subsidies. Libya needs to adopt a comprehensive reform strategy. The government agrees with the assessment of the economic outlook and associated risks and policy options as outlined by Executive Directors.

Libya --- Libya. --- Lībiyā --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Lībīyah al-Shaʻbīyah al-Ishtirākīyah --- Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne --- Libyen --- Libia --- Livii︠a︡ --- Popular Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Libië --- Socialist People's Arab Jamahiriya --- Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Luv --- Libye --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Gran Jamahiriya araba libica socialista popolare --- SPLAJ --- Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Popular Socialist --- G.S.P.L.A.J. --- GSPLAJ --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻUẓmá --- Jamahiriya al-Arabiya al-Libiya al-Shabiya al-Ishtirakiya al-Uzma --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Republic --- Grande Jamahiriya arabe populaire socialiste libyenne --- Mamlakah al-Lībīyah al-Muttaḥidah --- Grand Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- State of Libya --- Dawiat Libiya --- リビア --- Ribia --- ليبيا --- לוב --- Economic policy. --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Statistics --- Inflation --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Fiscal Policy --- General Aggregative Models: General --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology --- Computer Programs: Other --- Public finance & taxation --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Financial services law & regulation --- International economics --- Expenditure --- Fiscal policy --- Public financial management (PFM) --- National accounts --- Balance of payments statistics --- Economic and financial statistics --- Expenditures, Public --- Finance, Public --- National income --- Balance of payments

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Libya is highly dependent on exhaustible and volatile hydrocarbon resources, which constitute the bulk of government revenues. Although resource wealth provides the means to promote socio-economic development, procyclical fiscal policies threaten macroeconomic stability as well as fiscal sustainability and intergenerational equity. In three parts, this paper provides an assessment of the cyclically adjusted fiscal stance, analyzes fiscal sustainability according the permanent income framework, and simulates various fiscal policy rules with the objective of developing a rule-based fiscal strategy that would delink the economy from oil price fluctuations, improve the management of resource wealth, and safeguard macroeconomic stability.

Finance --- Funding --- Funds --- Economics --- Currency question --- Libya --- Lībiyā --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Lībīyah al-Shaʻbīyah al-Ishtirākīyah --- Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne --- Libyen --- Libia --- Livii︠a︡ --- Popular Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Libië --- Socialist People's Arab Jamahiriya --- Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Luv --- Libye --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Gran Jamahiriya araba libica socialista popolare --- SPLAJ --- Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Popular Socialist --- G.S.P.L.A.J. --- GSPLAJ --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻUẓmá --- Jamahiriya al-Arabiya al-Libiya al-Shabiya al-Ishtirakiya al-Uzma --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Republic --- Grande Jamahiriya arabe populaire socialiste libyenne --- Mamlakah al-Lībīyah al-Muttaḥidah --- Grand Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- State of Libya --- Dawiat Libiya --- リビア --- Ribia --- ليبيا --- לוב --- Economic policy. --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Business Fluctuations --- Cycles --- Fiscal Policy --- Structure, Scope, and Performance of Government --- National Deficit Surplus --- Economic Development: Agriculture --- Natural Resources --- Energy --- Environment --- Other Primary Products --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Fiscal policy --- Expenditure --- Fiscal rules --- Fiscal stance --- Fiscal sustainability --- Expenditures, Public

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seit 1969 intensivierte die Bundesrepublik ihre wirtschaftlichen, aber auch ihre politischen Beziehungen zu Libyen unter der Herrschaft von Muammar al-Gaddafi. Tim Szatkowski analysiert das deutsch-libysche Verhältnis während der Kanzlerschaft von Willy Brandt und Helmut Schmidt. Der Autor geht dabei der Frage nach, welche Motive so schwer wogen, dass die sozial-liberale Koalition Menschenrechtsverletzungen und die offenkundige Verstrickung Libyens in den internationalen Terrorismus weniger beachtete, als man dies hätte erwarten können. Auf der Basis erstmals ausgewerteter Akten des Auswärtigen Amts kann heute eine differenzierte Antwort gegeben werden. Eine Veröffentlichung des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin

Human rights. --- Terrorism. --- East and West. --- Qaddafi, Muammar. --- Brandt, Willy, --- Schmidt, Helmut, --- Libya --- Germany --- Germany (West) --- Foreign relations --- Politics and government --- Politics and government. --- Civilization, Western --- Civilization, Oriental --- Occident and Orient --- Orient and Occident --- West and East --- Eastern question --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Human rights --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Asian influences --- Oriental influences --- Western influences --- Law and legislation --- Frahm, Karl, --- Brant, Vili, --- Frahm, Herbert Ernst Karl, --- Brandt, Villi, --- Brandt, V. --- Po-lan-tʻe, Wei-li, --- Gadhafi, Moʼammar --- Kaddafi, Muammar --- Qadhafi, Muammar --- El Kadhafi, Moammar --- Kadhafi, Moammar --- Moammar Kadhafi --- Gadafi, Muammar --- Muʼammar al-Qadafi --- Moamer El Kazzafi --- Moamar al-Gaddafi --- Muʼammar Al Qathafi --- Moʼammar el-Gadhafi --- Muammar Kaddafi --- Moamar El Kadhafi --- Muammar al-Qadhafi --- Muʻammar al-Qadhdhāfī --- Qadafi, Muʼammar --- El Kazzafi, Moamer --- Gaddafi, Moamar --- Al Qathafi, Muʼammar --- Qadhdhāfī, Muʻammar --- Khaddafi, Muammar --- Muammar al-Khaddafi --- Muʻamar al-Ḳad'afi --- Ḳad'afi, Muʻamar al --- -Ghaddafy, Muammar --- Ghadafi, Muammar --- Ghaddafi, Muammar --- Kaddafi, Muamar --- Quathafi, Muammar --- Gheddafi, Muammar --- Muammar Ghaddafy --- Muammar Ghadafi --- Muammar Ghaddafi --- Muamar Al-Kaddafi --- Muammar Quathafi --- Muammar Gheddafi --- Khadafy, Moammar --- Qudhafi, Moammar --- Qathafi, Mu'Ammar el --- El Qathafi, Mu'Ammar --- Kadaffi, Momar --- El Gaddafi, Moamar --- Moamar el Gaddafi --- Kazzafi, Moammar --- Gheddafi, Muhammar --- al-Qadhafi, Muammar --- Muammar Al-Gathafi --- Al-Gathafi, Muammar --- Gathafi, Muammar --- Kadhafi, Mouammar --- Al Gathafi, M. --- Gathafi, M. Al --- القذافي --- القذافي معمر --- قدافي، معمر --- قدف، معمر --- قذافى، معمر --- قذافي، معمد --- معمر القذافي --- Muammar el Gheddafi --- Al-Kadhafi, Mouamar --- Lībiyā --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Lībīyah al-Shaʻbīyah al-Ishtirākīyah --- Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne --- Libyen --- Libia --- Livii︠a︡ --- Popular Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Libië --- Socialist People's Arab Jamahiriya --- Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Luv --- Libye --- Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya --- Gran Jamahiriya araba libica socialista popolare --- SPLAJ --- Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Popular Socialist --- G.S.P.L.A.J. --- GSPLAJ --- Jamāhīrīyah al-ʻUẓmá --- Jamahiriya al-Arabiya al-Libiya al-Shabiya al-Ishtirakiya al-Uzma --- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Republic --- Grande Jamahiriya arabe populaire socialiste libyenne --- Mamlakah al-Lībīyah al-Muttaḥidah --- Grand Jamahiriya arabe libyenne populaire socialiste --- State of Libya --- Dawiat Libiya --- リビア --- Ribia --- ليبيا --- לוב --- Federal Republic of Germany --- Germany (Federal Republic, 1949- ) --- GFR --- West Germany (1949-1990) --- Germanskai︠a︡ Federalʹnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Ḥukūmat Almānyā al-Ittiḥādīyah --- NRF --- Niemiecka Republika Federalna --- FRG --- Federativnai︠a︡ Respublika Germanii --- NSR --- Nĕmecká spolková republika --- Német Szövetségi Köztársaság --- BRD --- Bundesrepublik Deutschland --- Republiḳah ha-federalit ha-Germanit --- Batı Almanya --- Federal Almanya --- Tyske forbundsrepublik --- NSzK --- Repubblica federale tedesca --- Hsi-te cheng fu --- Te-i-chih lien pang kung ho kuo --- RFA --- République fédérale allemande --- RFN --- Republika Federalna Niemiec --- Republik Federasi Jerman --- Germany (Federal Republic) --- G.F.R. --- N.R.F. --- F.R.G. --- N.S.R. --- B.R.D. --- N.Sz.K. --- R.F.A. --- R.F.N. --- Alemania Federal --- République fédérale d'Allemagne --- República Federal de Alemania --- Bondsrepubliek Duitsland --- Repubblica federale di Germania --- German Federal Republic --- Western Germany --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : British Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : French Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : Russian Zone) --- Germany (Territory under Allied occupation, 1945-1955 : U.S. Zone) --- Germany (East) --- Weimar Republic --- Germanii︠a︡ --- Германия --- FRN --- Jirmānīya --- جرمانيا --- Nimechchyna --- Gjermani --- Federalʹna Respublika Nimechchyny --- Veĭmarskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Ashkenaz --- Germanyah --- Deutschland --- Repoblika Federalin'i Alemana --- Alemania --- República de Alemania --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- Kholboony Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh German Uls --- KhBNGU --- ХБНГУ --- German Uls --- Germania --- Republika Federal Alemmana --- Deutsches Reich --- Grossdeutsches Reich --- Weimarer Republik --- Vācijā --- ドイツ --- Doitsu --- ドイツ連邦共和国 --- Doitsu Renpō Kyōwakoku --- Holy Roman Empire --- Law --- Law, Germanic